Causes and effects of floods and droughts pdf

Like droughts, the growth of number and magnitude of floods is directly connected to rainfall patterns, which effects the volume of water in lakes, rivers, canals, the ocean, and even sewers. The changes in area of forest by region and subregion are shown in table 1. Causes because drought is defined as a deficit in water supply, it can be caused by a number of factors. Precipitation, floods and drought precipitation has increased in many regions of the world and decreased in others, with little or no net change in the total amount of precipitation. When floods occur they bring with them numerous problems, ranging from the physical impact of water damage to the problems of disease and famine that can follow such disasters. Causes and effects of pollution see more the lesson is about the causes and effects of the 4 types of pollution air, land, water and noise. Drought region receives a deficiency in water supply causes and effects of drought drought ranks second in terms of national weatherrelated economic impacts, with. Bacteria, mould and viruses, cause disease, trigger allergic reactions, and continue to damage materials long after a flood. In 2010 were a series of flash floods that hit different areas in thailand, 2,002,961 households, 7,038,248 people affected and agricultural area was damaged 7,784,368 rai. Floods and droughts download ebook pdf, epub, tuebl, mobi. This site is like a library, use search box in the widget to get ebook that you want. The farms themselves can also cause droughts to happen as the soil is depleted and therefore cannot absorb as much water, but they can be impacted by natural droughts as well. Floodsite according to the wmo, floods can appear in a.

Climate change, environmental degradation, population growth, urbanization and augmenting poverty cause human society to be more vulnerable to flood and drought disasters. As a result there is not enough water available through hand pumps, wells and other traditional sources that depend on underground reserves of water. Indeed some 31 countries do not even make the list because they have already removed most of their forests and even if that remain are seriously fragmented and degraded. Droughts have a drastic effect on all forms of life be it animals, plants or humans. Without water, humans are at risk of dying because of dehydration or hunger. Floods and droughts are natural phenomena for which the risks of occurrence are likely to continue to grow.

Drought has increased in most places, consistent with expectations for a warming climate. A drought or drouth is an event of prolonged shortages in the water supply, whether atmospheric belowaverage precipitation, surface water or ground water. The impact of pollution on our planet and our lives p1. Droughts and floods climate, energy, and society college. Though floods and droughts are both triggered by natural meteorological causes, their impact is determined to a large extent by human factors unpreparedness. Floods and droughts can have longterm impacts on communities. Natural disasters floods and droughts in india images. Effects of floods and droughts water is a very basic necessity for the survival of life on earth. Drought is a reduction in precipitation over an extended period. Impacts of drought such as the effects on a regions climatology.

A new report published today by the european environment agency eea provides an overview of the waterretention potential of european forests. The amount of precipitation at a particular location varies from year to year, but over a period of years, the average amount is fairly constant. The causes of flooding are varied, but the effects of most causes can be managed if not prevented. India, china, pakistan, bangladesh, nepal and myanmar could experience floods followed by droughts in coming decades. Almost 300,000 african americans were forced to live in refugee camps for months. Agribusiness is draining the ogallala aquifer, which could dry up by 2100. Article about what drought is, its types, causes and effects. The worst cases of flooding may occur if there is a combination of storms, spring tides and low atmospheric pressure. In addition to the concerns around the effects of drought on agriculture, the severe storms and flooding that. The effects of drought play a large role in the water supply to communities as well as damage to crops and other vegetation. Forests can help prevent floods and droughts european.

Floods and droughts are the most frequent natural disasters that strike new hampshire. Droughts are one of the scariest and deadliest natural calamities. In drought conditions it is very difficult to get food and fodder for the survival. It can have a substantial impact on the ecosystem and agriculture of the affected region and harm to the local economy. The floods also destroyed crops, cut off transport, and killed three people, said the united nations. A change in any one of these factors sets up a cyclical chain of events that can result in extreme climate conditions such as drought. Further development in floodplains and in areas with limited water supplies also increase losses. A flood is caused by a combination of heavy rainfall causing river oceans to over flow their banks, and can happen at any time of the year, not just in the winter. Famine, severe and prolonged hunger in a substantial proportion of the population of a region or country, resulting in malnutrition and starvation. The lack of precipitation as well as heavy downpours are causing disasters ranging from extreme droughts to unprecedented floods. We map the extent of floods and provide analyses to help manage water resources efficiently. Abstract this article introduces an analytical framework for understanding the impacts of droughts and. Drought worsened the dust bowl and the great depression. Flood safety planning get introduced to the concept of droughts and floods and its effect on the living organisms causes and effects of floods.

Brainstorm the causes and effects of rain with the students. Effects of drought and floods on crop and animal losses and. Soybeans, corn, rice, and cotton are planted in the mississippi river area in the spring when flooding occurs. September 24, 2008 the cause and effect of floods floods are caused by many things. It is a complex issue full of uncertainties and controversies. Drought in india affecting the ganges is of particular concern, as it provides drinking water and agricultural irrigation for more than 500 million people.

The global warming situation tends to exacerbate the drought conditions. Floods causes and effects of flooding flood protection. Some of the causes of floods include the following. Budhakooncharoen water resources engineering division, civil engineering department, mahanakorn university of technology, thailand abstract the world is experiencing a dramatic increase in disasters related to precipitation. Planning for drought conditions is essential to the sound management of water resources and associated riparian and watershed ecosystems.

A flood is a body of water that covers land which is normally dry. Climate change and its associated impacts continue to ravage malawi, exacerbating poverty and raising doubts over the ability of the country to attain the recently adopted sustainable development goals sdgs. Jan 21, 2020 floods also cause food prices to spike, depending on how fast the flood waters recede. Flood waters also strip the ground of needed nutrients. Droughts are caused by changes in land and sea surface temperatures, atmospheric circulation patterns and soil moisture content. Imagine life with insufficient amount of water, it will be impossible to do the daily activities of cleaning, cooking, drinking etc. Floods occur when large volumes of runoff flow quickly into streams and rivers. They can also help mitigate the effects of droughts.

The most common cause for drought is failure of rains. The article covers the significant causes and effects of floods and droughts. The short rainy season in southeastern ethiopia typically runs from october to january. Among the extreme events, drought is a frequent occurrence, occuring in about 4 out of 10. If there happened to be a flood in your area, protecting your home could end up saving you a lot of money as well as the stress and hassle. Effects of floods and droughts definition landslides debris flows floods earthquakes and tsunamis of top 5 most devastating natural disasters to affect india in 2019 which of 2016 s many natural disasters can we blame on climate. Effects of urban development on floods hydrologic effects of urban development streams are fed by runoff from rainfall and snowmelt moving as overland or subsurface flow. In addition to the concerns around the effects of drought on agriculture, the severe storms and flooding that have become the norm are also likely to cause. The study is novel because it considers floods and droughts together, and the effects of these disasters on different economic groups at a local household level. They are often caused by rivers, but overflowing lakes and seas can also cause flooding. Floods are natural hydrological phenomena and occur after some meteorological events like intense or prolonged rainfall spells or unusually high coastal estuarine waters due to storm surges etc. There has been little research, however, on either the nonagricultural effects or the economywide macroeconomic impact of drought in ssa.

The effects of excess rainfall floods over a locality for a given time period are very. Heavy rains, landslides, overflowing rivers, cyclones and tsunamis. Heavy rains and landslides in india cause as much as 58 per cent of all disaster loss in the country. Drought drought can have many devastating effects on communities and the surrounding environment. The greatest thing that everyone can easily do to help prevent droughts and floods is to be informed. In 2017 alone 25 people lost their lives trapped in floods, and more than 3 billion dollars were lost in property damages and ruined crops global warming is shifting rainfall patterns, making heavy rain more frequent in many areas of the country. Unfortunately, sometimes they turn disastrous, killing people and destroying property, forcing humans to come up with countermeasures against flooding.

Farmers will have to contend with spending huge sums of money for irrigation and watering animals. The cause and effects of floods cause and effect essay. Effects of floods and droughts floods and droughts definition. Causes, effects and control strategies 5 deforestation are maintained. Pdf causes and consequences of flooding in nigeria. While droughts can be defined as a climate phenomenon, their impacts on humans and the. What are the effects of a drought on the environment. Floods causes effects and prevention stormguard flood plan. There are many ways to prevent flooding at your property. The tanks, wells and similar underground water reserves remain unchanged. Potsdam institute for climate impact research pik, wadi. Floods can also contaminate drinking water and lead to diseases. Ground water becomes scarce and this leads to droughts. Floods, that imply a large amount of water rising and then spreading across a region, are one of the most common causes of natural disasters in india.

Droughts are natural events that occur in nearly all climate zones but with widely variable characteristics. Model results show that the economic losses due to extreme climate events are significant. Pdf the effects of droughts on food security in kenya. Droughts are a type of natural disaster that involves belowaverage precipitation or a severe water supply shortage over a sustained period of time. Floods are categorized into natural and artificial floods in terms of their causes. Click download or read online button to get floods and droughts book now. People affected by flooding may experience a range of emotions, including anxiety, fear, anger, frustration, sadness and grief. Global warming has led to worrisome increases in temperature across the country. The effects of drought are widespread and have devastating effects on the environment and the society as a whole. During the past decade, weather patterns in thailand have fluctuated from severe droughts to severe floods, leaving residential and agricultural areas reeling. Jan 23, 2020 the farms themselves can also cause droughts to happen as the soil is depleted and therefore cannot absorb as much water, but they can be impacted by natural droughts as well. One of the sound policies used to mitigate the effect of flood and drought risks is. We use data from active and discontinued stream gages to predict drought streamflow.

Floods also cause food prices to spike, depending on how fast the flood waters recede. Causes and effects of flooding in global and thailand. The impact of drought on subsaharan african economies. The report briefly describes periods of drought in the countrys past that equaled or exceeded drought conditions experienced during the 20th century, and the effects of those droughts on major western rivers such as the colorado. Of all the relevant factors in climate, precipitation is the main cause of. Forests can retain excess rainwater, prevent extreme runoffs and reduce the damage from flooding. They destroy houses and buildings, and carry soil away from valuable farming land. Effects of floods and droughts floods and droughts.

The paper introduces global warming, ela borates its causes and hazards and presen ts some solutions to solve this ho t issue. Posted by macpherson nthara, flood based livelihoods network malawi october 05, 2018. Below is an outline of the main economic impacts of droughts. Agricultural, meteorological, hydrological and socioeconomic types of water droughts are there. A drought is a period of drierthannormal conditions that results in waterrelated problems. The region is prone to cycles of flood and drought. Mar 18, 2017 while this certainly can initiate drought conditions, oftentimes the onset of a drought is less noticeable. For any further detail download byjusthe learning app. In this video lesson, you will study floods, their causes and their effects. An analysis of floods and droughts in the lower mekong river basin. Famines usually last for a limited time, ranging from a few months to a few years, and can result in death by starvation and disease. Floods are common natural disasters that can affect millions of people around the world. Climate change, extreme precipitation and flooding union.

Drought is a deviation from climate and is quite different from an arid region with low annual precipitation. It is due to the below normal rainfall and water shortage due to that. Water is essential to all life on earth and a shortage of this vital resource in the environment is bound to negatively affect all forms of life. More than 700,000 people were left homeless, while 250 died from floods that covered 1 million acres with 30 feet of water in 10 days. It is natural for people who experience traumatic events, such as flooding, to experience difficulty sleeping, loss of appetite, depressed or angry moods and heightened feelings of anxiety. Economic effects of droughts usually involve loss of money by governments, enterprises, families or individuals. If youre seeing rain or snow, but are seeing it in lighter amounts a drizzle here and flurries there, rather than steady rain or snow showers this can also signal a drought inthemaking. Drought is one of the natural disasters that can be reverted by nature itself. Climate communication precipitation, floods and drought.

A flood is a situation in which water temporarily covers land where it normally doesnt. Thus, the area was an ideal place to test our hypothesis. Life gets difficult and many animals perish in such conditions. In chapter 3, the impacts of recent droughts are assessed to show why government intervention is required and chapter 4 examines the policies used by government to reduce the effects of drought.

Hazards of floods and droughts in india springerlink. Explain the difference between a drought, or a lack of rain, and a flood, or an overabundance of rain tell the students that they will be learning more about the differences between floods and droughts and designing. Floods in inland areas are the most common type of natural disaster in the united states, and one of the most harmful to people and property. A critical analysis revealed that many cases of flooding experienced in this country are caused by dam. Aug 06, 2018 floods are among the most common natural occurrences on the planet. We will explain floods causes effects and prevention by using different types of flood defence systems. The frequency and intensity of extreme events such as droughts, floods, and heatwaves are increasing 1. Some of the worst droughts witnessed in subsaharan africa have been associated with global warming and climate change. Awareness about what causes or aggravates these natural events is the starting point of understanding what we can do to control or prevent the loss of property or even loss of life that comes from natural disasters. A drought can last for months or years, or may be declared after as few as 15 days. Droughts have claimed innumerable lives in india in the 18th, 19th and 20th centuries. That increases costs to farmers but provides a benefit to fertilizer companies. Waterrelated extreme events, floods and droughts, are natural phenomena, which will continue to.

Many times it rains too much, other times a dam breaks. There are many causes of floods, some are natural and some are humanmade. Floods disrupt normal drainage systems in cities, and sewage spills are common, which represents a serious health hazard, along with standing water and wet materials in the home. During dry and hot weather periods, it is common to find dry and cracked earth without even a single shed of water or wet areas. Types, causes and effects of droughts earth eclipse. Effects of drought and floods on crop and animal losses and socioeconomic status of households in the lake victoria basin of kenya 1samuel k. The 1927 mississippi river flood was the most destructive in u. Some arid areas of africa suffered from sustained reduction of rainfall over several decades of the late twentieth century, and recurring droughts.

Climate change is causing severe drought around the world. Flooding can be very dangerous only 15cms of fastflowing water are needed to knock you off your feet. You will learn to identify various methods that are used to prevent floods and explore how preventing natural flood. Zolotokrylin encyclopedia of life support systems eolss precipitation over the land mostly outside arid areas. What is drought, its types, causes and effects natural. Sep 14, 2018 droughts are a type of natural disaster that involves belowaverage precipitation or a severe water supply shortage over a sustained period of time.